Transformer-coupled injection for a V-band divide-by-three injection-locked frequency divider

A simple transformer-coupled injection technique is proposed for a V-band divide-by-three injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) in 0.18 μm CMOS technology. This technique provides an effective current injection and results in wide locking range of ILFD. The measured frequency range of the ILFD is from 56.5 to 66.4 GHz while varying the tuning voltage V_tune is from 0 to 1.8 V under an injection power of 5 dBm. The DC power dissipation of the core circuit only consumes a current of 3 mA with a single 1 V power supply.