OGHAM: On-demand global hosts for ad-hoc multicast using minimum distance facility location

Recent routing protocols and multicast protocols in ad-hoc networks adopt two-tier architecture to accommodate the effectiveness of the flooding scheme and the efficiency of the tree-based scheme. Some hosts with maximum neighbor degree are chosen as RPs (rendezvous point) to forward data. However, these hosts will have higher possibility to be the traffic concentration and bottleneck of the network, and RPs will spend more time forwarding data due to maximum neighbor degree. In this paper, we propose a multicast protocol for Ad-hoc network, called OGHAM, with shorter relay and less concentration via selecting RPs from the hosts with minimum hop distance between them and from other normal hosts to these selected RPs rather than the hosts with maximum neighbor degree.