TY - JOUR
T1 - Determination of fluorescent whitening agents in environmental waters by solid-phase extraction and ion pair liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
AU - Chen, Hsin Chang
AU - Wang, Shu Ping
AU - Ding, Wang Hsien
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant from the National Science Council of Taiwan under contract No. NSC 94-2113-M-008-013. We thank Instrumental Center of National Central University for instrumental supporting.
PY - 2006/1/13
Y1 - 2006/1/13
N2 - A comprehensive method for the trace determination of four stilbene-type disulfonate and one distyrylbiphenyl-type fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) in environmental water samples was developed and validated. Various solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges were investigated. The newly developed Oasis WAX (weak mixed-mode anion exchange and reversed-phase sorbent) SPE cartridge provides the optimal sample extraction results. The analytes were then identified and quantitated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS-MS) in negative ionization mode, applying di-n-hexylammonium acetate (DHAA) as the ion-pairing reagent in mobile phase. Limits of quantitation (LOQs) were established between 4 and 18 ng/l in 50 ml of water samples. Intrabatch and interbatch precision with their accuracy at two concentration levels were also investigated. Precision for these five FWAs, as indicated by RSD, proved to be less than 13 and 11%, respectively, for intra- and interbatch. Accuracy, expressed as the mean recovery, was between 68 and 97%. The method was finally applied to environmental water samples, showing the occurrence of five FWAs in both river water and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent samples.
AB - A comprehensive method for the trace determination of four stilbene-type disulfonate and one distyrylbiphenyl-type fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) in environmental water samples was developed and validated. Various solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges were investigated. The newly developed Oasis WAX (weak mixed-mode anion exchange and reversed-phase sorbent) SPE cartridge provides the optimal sample extraction results. The analytes were then identified and quantitated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS-MS) in negative ionization mode, applying di-n-hexylammonium acetate (DHAA) as the ion-pairing reagent in mobile phase. Limits of quantitation (LOQs) were established between 4 and 18 ng/l in 50 ml of water samples. Intrabatch and interbatch precision with their accuracy at two concentration levels were also investigated. Precision for these five FWAs, as indicated by RSD, proved to be less than 13 and 11%, respectively, for intra- and interbatch. Accuracy, expressed as the mean recovery, was between 68 and 97%. The method was finally applied to environmental water samples, showing the occurrence of five FWAs in both river water and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent samples.
KW - Fluorescent whitening agents
KW - Ion pair liquid chromatography
KW - Solid-phase extraction
KW - Tandem mass spectrometry
KW - Water analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=29044445384&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.10.025
DO - 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.10.025
M3 - 期刊論文
C2 - 16288762
AN - SCOPUS:29044445384
SN - 0021-9673
VL - 1102
SP - 135
EP - 142
JO - Journal of Chromatography A
JF - Journal of Chromatography A
IS - 1-2
ER -