TY - JOUR
T1 - Design and Implementation of a Real-Time Imaging Processor for Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar With Configurability
AU - Lin, Jia Zhao
AU - Chen, Po Ta
AU - Chin, Hung Yuan
AU - Tsai, Pei Yun
AU - Lee, Sz Yuan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 IEEE.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - A real-time imaging processor for spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is designed and implemented to realize the range Doppler algorithm (RDA) with configurability. The azimuth fast Fourier transform (FFT) decomposition is adopted for full utilization of data after fetching them from high bandwidth memory (HBM) by burst access to achieve streaming input–output for 2-D FFT/inverse FFT (IFFT) processing in all modes. Hybrid datapaths including fixed-point (FP), customized floating-point (CFP), and double-precision (DP) representations are used to achieve the desired signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR). The 2-D decoupling and scheduling technique is used for complexity reduction of computing spatially varying phase compensation terms. Besides, a multisegment second-order Taylor series expansion is proposed to approximate the migration factor for configurability, which is an essential component in cross-coupling compensation and azimuth compression (AC), especially when squint angle becomes large. Variable range FFT sizes from 8K to 32K are supported to cover different swath widths. The processing times for image sizes of 8K × 8K, 8K × 16K, and 8K × 32K are 0.34, 0.68, and 1.35 s, respectively, which meet the real-time processing requirement. Our implementation demonstrates significant improvement in processing efficiency and hardware efficiency with configurability compared with prior works.
AB - A real-time imaging processor for spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is designed and implemented to realize the range Doppler algorithm (RDA) with configurability. The azimuth fast Fourier transform (FFT) decomposition is adopted for full utilization of data after fetching them from high bandwidth memory (HBM) by burst access to achieve streaming input–output for 2-D FFT/inverse FFT (IFFT) processing in all modes. Hybrid datapaths including fixed-point (FP), customized floating-point (CFP), and double-precision (DP) representations are used to achieve the desired signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR). The 2-D decoupling and scheduling technique is used for complexity reduction of computing spatially varying phase compensation terms. Besides, a multisegment second-order Taylor series expansion is proposed to approximate the migration factor for configurability, which is an essential component in cross-coupling compensation and azimuth compression (AC), especially when squint angle becomes large. Variable range FFT sizes from 8K to 32K are supported to cover different swath widths. The processing times for image sizes of 8K × 8K, 8K × 16K, and 8K × 32K are 0.34, 0.68, and 1.35 s, respectively, which meet the real-time processing requirement. Our implementation demonstrates significant improvement in processing efficiency and hardware efficiency with configurability compared with prior works.
KW - Fast Fourier transform (FFT)
KW - hardware acceleration
KW - real-time processing
KW - spaceborne radar
KW - synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85180285011&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TVLSI.2023.3338476
DO - 10.1109/TVLSI.2023.3338476
M3 - 期刊論文
AN - SCOPUS:85180285011
SN - 1063-8210
VL - 32
SP - 669
EP - 681
JO - IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
JF - IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
IS - 4
ER -