摘要
The intrinsic oxygen-vacancies and the extrinsic dopants are two major fundamental free-carrier sources for the extrinsic conducting oxides, such as Sn-doped In2O3. Yet, the individual contributions of the above two free-carrier sources to the total carrier concentrations have never been unraveled. A carrier-concentration separation model is derived in this work, which can define the individual contributions to the total carrier concentration from the intrinsic oxygen-vacancies and the extrinsic dopants, separately. The individual contributions obtained from the present carrier-concentration separation model are verified by the two-state trapping model, photoluminescence, and positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy. In addition, the oxygen-vacancy formation energy of the Sn:In2O 3 thin film is determined to be 0.25 eV by PAL spectroscopy.
原文 | ???core.languages.en_GB??? |
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文章編號 | 033706 |
期刊 | Journal of Applied Physics |
卷 | 113 |
發行號 | 3 |
DOIs | |
出版狀態 | 已出版 - 21 1月 2013 |