An open internet of thing architecture integrating OnEM2M and OGC sensorthings API standards

Geospatial data are commonly produced by various types of sensors, such as weather stations, unmanned aerial vehicle, resource satellites. In recent years, the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) attracts increasing attention from various fields as IoT devices can generate large amount of environmental observations from their embedded sensors. A concept similar to the IoT is the machine to machine (M2M), which indicates that devices can directly communicate with each other. Many new concepts and visions related to the IoT and M2M has been proposed, such as industry 4.0, connected vehicle, smart electricity grid, e-health, precision agriculture and smart city. However, while an IoT architecture usually includes device layer, intermediate gateway layer, web service layer, and application layer, most systems are using proprietary solutions. These proprietary systems cause heterogeneity issues that impede them to interoperate with other systems. To address this issue, following international open standards is necessary. However, while different standards usually focus on different layers, integrating standards to achieve a complete system architecture is an important direction in the IoT development. In this study, we aim at integrating the oneM2M standard, which establishes a common service layer platform serving as gateway connecting IoT devices, and the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) SensorThings API standard, which focuses on web service layer to provide a complete data model and flexible query functionalities. To achieve the integration, we propose a SensorThings API data model profile on oneM2M that helps automatically translate oneM2M data into a SensorThings API service. In general, this integrated system can achieve an open and interoperability IoT architecture, that can consequently facilitate geospatial data transmission and integration.