Airglow observed by a full-band imager together with multi-instruments in Taiwan during nighttime of 1 November 2021

This study demonstrates an innovative approach of using a full-band chromatic all-sky imager, routinely operational for monitoring sky conditions at Lulin observatory (23.5°N, 120.9°E, 12.5° N magnetic latitude), Taiwan, to investigate equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). Distinct north–south aligned EPB depletions are identified by decomposing the color-scale images to respective red (centered at 630 nm) and green (520 nm) channels, where blue channel (470 nm) helps for background suppression. The intense EPBs, drifting eastwards at 60–100 m/s velocity, are also associated with reduced total electron content (TEC) values; increased ROTI (rate of TEC index); remarkable range spread-F; and prominent fluctuations in Doppler frequency shifts as well as FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 electron density/S4 scintillation profiles. The results show that a full-band chromatic imager offers a cost-effective alternative to investigate the EPBs usually detected in OI 630.0 and 557.7 nm airglow emissions.