Additional file 1: Figure S1. Representative graphs of size distribution for IDPDNEs (A), IDPPDNEs (B), and HIDPPDNEs (C) measured by DLS technique. Figure S2. Representative graphs of zeta potential (/surface charge) for IDPDNEs (A), IDPPDNEs (B), and HIDPPDNEs (C) measured by DLS technique.