Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past

M. Ramy El-Maarry; O. Groussin; N. Thomas; M. Pajola; A. T. Auger; B. Davidsson; X. Hu; S. F. Hviid; J. Knollenberg; C. Güttler; C. Tubiana; S. Fornasier; C. Feller; P. Hasselmann; J. B. Vincent; H. Sierks; C. Barbieri; P. Lamy; R. Rodrigo; D. Koschny; H. U. Keller; H. Rickman; M. F. A'Hearn; M. A. Barucci; J. L. Bertaux; I. Bertini; S. Besse; D. Bodewits; G. Cremonese; V. Da Deppo; S. Debei; M. De Cecco; J. Deller; J. D.P. Deshapriya; M. Fulle; P. J. Gutierrez; M. Hofmann; W. H. Ip; L. Jorda; G. Kovacs; J. R. Kramm; E. Kührt; M. Küppers; L. M. Lara; M. Lazzarin; Z. Yi Lin; J. J. Lopez Moreno; S. Marchi; F. Marzari; S. Mottola; G. Naletto; N. Oklay; A. Pommerol; F. Preusker; F. Scholten; X. Shi

doi:10.1126/science.aak9384

Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past

M. Ramy El-Maarry, O. Groussin, N. Thomas, M. Pajola, A. T. Auger, B. Davidsson, X. Hu, S. F. Hviid, J. Knollenberg, C. Güttler, C. Tubiana, S. Fornasier, C. Feller, P. Hasselmann, J. B. Vincent, H. Sierks, C. Barbieri, P. Lamy, R. Rodrigo, D. KoschnyH. U. Keller, H. Rickman, M. F. A'Hearn, M. A. Barucci, J. L. Bertaux, I. Bertini, S. Besse, D. Bodewits, G. Cremonese, V. Da Deppo, S. Debei, M. De Cecco, J. Deller, J. D.P. Deshapriya, M. Fulle, P. J. Gutierrez, M. Hofmann, W. H. Ip, L. Jorda, G. Kovacs, J. R. Kramm, E. Kührt, M. Küppers, L. M. Lara, M. Lazzarin, Z. Yi Lin, J. J. Lopez Moreno, S. Marchi, F. Marzari, S. Mottola, G. Naletto, N. Oklay, A. Pommerol, F. Preusker, F. Scholten, X. Shi

Graduate Institute of Astronomy

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Abstract

The Rosetta spacecraft spent ~2 years orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, most of it at distances that allowed surface characterization and monitoring at submeter scales. From December 2014 to June 2016, numerous localized changes were observed, which we attribute to cometary-specific weathering, erosion, and transient events driven by exposure to sunlight and other processes. While the localized changes suggest compositional or physical heterogeneity, their scale has not resulted in substantial alterations to the comet's landscape. This suggests that most of the major landforms were created early in the comet's current orbital configuration. They may even date from earlier if the comet had a larger volatile inventory, particularly of CO or CO₂ ices, or contained amorphous ice, which could have triggered activity at greater distances from the Sun.

Original language	English
Article number	aak9384
Journal	Science
Volume	355
Issue number	6332
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aak9384
State	Published - 31 Mar 2017

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Ramy El-Maarry, M., Groussin, O., Thomas, N., Pajola, M., Auger, A. T., Davidsson, B., Hu, X., Hviid, S. F., Knollenberg, J., Güttler, C., Tubiana, C., Fornasier, S., Feller, C., Hasselmann, P., Vincent, J. B., Sierks, H., Barbieri, C., Lamy, P., Rodrigo, R., ... Shi, X. (2017). Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past. Science, 355(6332), [aak9384]. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aak9384

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title = "Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past",

abstract = "The Rosetta spacecraft spent ~2 years orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, most of it at distances that allowed surface characterization and monitoring at submeter scales. From December 2014 to June 2016, numerous localized changes were observed, which we attribute to cometary-specific weathering, erosion, and transient events driven by exposure to sunlight and other processes. While the localized changes suggest compositional or physical heterogeneity, their scale has not resulted in substantial alterations to the comet's landscape. This suggests that most of the major landforms were created early in the comet's current orbital configuration. They may even date from earlier if the comet had a larger volatile inventory, particularly of CO or CO2 ices, or contained amorphous ice, which could have triggered activity at greater distances from the Sun.",

author = "{Ramy El-Maarry}, M. and O. Groussin and N. Thomas and M. Pajola and Auger, {A. T.} and B. Davidsson and X. Hu and Hviid, {S. F.} and J. Knollenberg and C. G{\"u}ttler and C. Tubiana and S. Fornasier and C. Feller and P. Hasselmann and Vincent, {J. B.} and H. Sierks and C. Barbieri and P. Lamy and R. Rodrigo and D. Koschny and Keller, {H. U.} and H. Rickman and A'Hearn, {M. F.} and Barucci, {M. A.} and Bertaux, {J. L.} and I. Bertini and S. Besse and D. Bodewits and G. Cremonese and {Da Deppo}, V. and S. Debei and {De Cecco}, M. and J. Deller and Deshapriya, {J. D.P.} and M. Fulle and Gutierrez, {P. J.} and M. Hofmann and Ip, {W. H.} and L. Jorda and G. Kovacs and Kramm, {J. R.} and E. K{\"u}hrt and M. K{\"u}ppers and Lara, {L. M.} and M. Lazzarin and {Yi Lin}, Z. and {Lopez Moreno}, {J. J.} and S. Marchi and F. Marzari and S. Mottola and G. Naletto and N. Oklay and A. Pommerol and F. Preusker and F. Scholten and X. Shi",

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volume = "355",

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Ramy El-Maarry, M, Groussin, O, Thomas, N, Pajola, M, Auger, AT, Davidsson, B, Hu, X, Hviid, SF, Knollenberg, J, Güttler, C, Tubiana, C, Fornasier, S, Feller, C, Hasselmann, P, Vincent, JB, Sierks, H, Barbieri, C, Lamy, P, Rodrigo, R, Koschny, D, Keller, HU, Rickman, H, A'Hearn, MF, Barucci, MA, Bertaux, JL, Bertini, I, Besse, S, Bodewits, D, Cremonese, G, Da Deppo, V, Debei, S, De Cecco, M, Deller, J, Deshapriya, JDP, Fulle, M, Gutierrez, PJ, Hofmann, M, Ip, WH, Jorda, L, Kovacs, G, Kramm, JR, Kührt, E, Küppers, M, Lara, LM, Lazzarin, M, Yi Lin, Z, Lopez Moreno, JJ, Marchi, S, Marzari, F, Mottola, S, Naletto, G, Oklay, N, Pommerol, A, Preusker, F, Scholten, F & Shi, X 2017, 'Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past', Science, vol. 355, no. 6332, aak9384. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aak9384

TY - JOUR

T1 - Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past

AU - Ramy El-Maarry, M.

AU - Groussin, O.

AU - Thomas, N.

AU - Pajola, M.

AU - Auger, A. T.

AU - Davidsson, B.

AU - Hu, X.

AU - Hviid, S. F.

AU - Knollenberg, J.

AU - Güttler, C.

AU - Tubiana, C.

AU - Fornasier, S.

AU - Feller, C.

AU - Hasselmann, P.

AU - Vincent, J. B.

AU - Sierks, H.

AU - Barbieri, C.

AU - Lamy, P.

AU - Rodrigo, R.

AU - Koschny, D.

AU - Keller, H. U.

AU - Rickman, H.

AU - A'Hearn, M. F.

AU - Barucci, M. A.

AU - Bertaux, J. L.

AU - Bertini, I.

AU - Besse, S.

AU - Bodewits, D.

AU - Cremonese, G.

AU - Da Deppo, V.

AU - Debei, S.

AU - De Cecco, M.

AU - Deller, J.

AU - Deshapriya, J. D.P.

AU - Fulle, M.

AU - Gutierrez, P. J.

AU - Hofmann, M.

AU - Ip, W. H.

AU - Jorda, L.

AU - Kovacs, G.

AU - Kramm, J. R.

AU - Kührt, E.

AU - Küppers, M.

AU - Lara, L. M.

AU - Lazzarin, M.

AU - Yi Lin, Z.

AU - Lopez Moreno, J. J.

AU - Marchi, S.

AU - Marzari, F.

AU - Mottola, S.

AU - Naletto, G.

AU - Oklay, N.

AU - Pommerol, A.

AU - Preusker, F.

AU - Scholten, F.

AU - Shi, X.

PY - 2017/3/31

Y1 - 2017/3/31

N2 - The Rosetta spacecraft spent ~2 years orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, most of it at distances that allowed surface characterization and monitoring at submeter scales. From December 2014 to June 2016, numerous localized changes were observed, which we attribute to cometary-specific weathering, erosion, and transient events driven by exposure to sunlight and other processes. While the localized changes suggest compositional or physical heterogeneity, their scale has not resulted in substantial alterations to the comet's landscape. This suggests that most of the major landforms were created early in the comet's current orbital configuration. They may even date from earlier if the comet had a larger volatile inventory, particularly of CO or CO2 ices, or contained amorphous ice, which could have triggered activity at greater distances from the Sun.

AB - The Rosetta spacecraft spent ~2 years orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, most of it at distances that allowed surface characterization and monitoring at submeter scales. From December 2014 to June 2016, numerous localized changes were observed, which we attribute to cometary-specific weathering, erosion, and transient events driven by exposure to sunlight and other processes. While the localized changes suggest compositional or physical heterogeneity, their scale has not resulted in substantial alterations to the comet's landscape. This suggests that most of the major landforms were created early in the comet's current orbital configuration. They may even date from earlier if the comet had a larger volatile inventory, particularly of CO or CO2 ices, or contained amorphous ice, which could have triggered activity at greater distances from the Sun.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85016012667&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1126/science.aak9384

DO - 10.1126/science.aak9384

M3 - 期刊論文

C2 - 28325842

AN - SCOPUS:85016012667

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 355

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6332

M1 - aak9384

ER -

Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past

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