Reciprocal Tutoring: Design with Cognitive Load Sharing

Chih Yueh Chou, Tak Wai Chan

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

Reciprocal tutoring, as reported in "Exploring the design of computer supports for reciprocal tutoring" (Chan and Chou 1997), has extended the meaning and scope of intelligent tutoring originally implemented in standalone computers. This research is a follow-up to our studies on a learning companion system in the late 1980s and its network version, Distributed West, in the early 1990s. In this commentary paper, we first provide the history of and rationale behind our research. We pose and discuss six design dimensions that comprise 12 design questions. This is done on the basis of our previous experience and current knowledge as well as by reexamining the design approach, cognitive load sharing, in the original paper. Our purpose is to shed light on the future design of reciprocal tutoring. One-to-one classrooms, in which students learn with their personal computing devices (Chan et al. 2006), are becoming prevalent in practice; therefore, we expect that reciprocal tutoring - learning-by-tutoring and learning-by-being-tutored - will also become widespread.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)512-535
Number of pages24
JournalInternational Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Volume26
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Mar 2016

Keywords

  • Cognitive load sharing
  • Collaborative learning
  • Learning by teaching
  • Learning companion
  • Learning-by-being-tutored
  • Learning-by-tutoring
  • Reciprocal tutoring

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