TY - JOUR
T1 - Implementation of a dynamical NH3 emissions parameterization in CMAQ for improving PM2.5 simulation in Taiwan
AU - Hsu, Chia Hua
AU - Cheng, Fang Yi
AU - Chang, Hsin Yu
AU - Lin, Neng Huei
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - Ammonia (NH3) is an important precursor of inorganic fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Without specific information on the temporal variation in NH3 emissions, a simplified temporal variation in NH3 emissions is often used in chemical transport models. To better characterize NH3 emissions in an air quality model simulation for Taiwan, a dynamical NH3 emissions parameterization was applied to improve the temporal profile of NH3 emissions from livestock operations, synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, and standing crops. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling simulation with a fixed NH3 emissions rate (the CONST experiment) presents a large positive bias in simulated nitrate and NH3, particularly during the nighttime and winter months. On the other hand, the CMAQ simulation with a dynamical NH3 emissions approach (the DYN experiment) improves the diurnal and seasonal variations and reduces the simulated bias. Moreover, according to the Taiwan emissions inventory, NH3 emissions from sewage accounts for a large portion (37%) of total NH3 emissions in Taiwan. The CMAQ simulation with the dynamical NH3 emissions approach and with a reduced level of NH3 emissions from sewage (the DYN1 experiment) was conducted to assess the possibility that the existing Taiwan emissions inventory may overestimate sewage NH3 emissions. The evaluations with observed NH3, nitrate, and ammonium wet deposition concentrations indicate that the DYN1 experiment performs better than the CONST and DYN experiments.
AB - Ammonia (NH3) is an important precursor of inorganic fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Without specific information on the temporal variation in NH3 emissions, a simplified temporal variation in NH3 emissions is often used in chemical transport models. To better characterize NH3 emissions in an air quality model simulation for Taiwan, a dynamical NH3 emissions parameterization was applied to improve the temporal profile of NH3 emissions from livestock operations, synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, and standing crops. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling simulation with a fixed NH3 emissions rate (the CONST experiment) presents a large positive bias in simulated nitrate and NH3, particularly during the nighttime and winter months. On the other hand, the CMAQ simulation with a dynamical NH3 emissions approach (the DYN experiment) improves the diurnal and seasonal variations and reduces the simulated bias. Moreover, according to the Taiwan emissions inventory, NH3 emissions from sewage accounts for a large portion (37%) of total NH3 emissions in Taiwan. The CMAQ simulation with the dynamical NH3 emissions approach and with a reduced level of NH3 emissions from sewage (the DYN1 experiment) was conducted to assess the possibility that the existing Taiwan emissions inventory may overestimate sewage NH3 emissions. The evaluations with observed NH3, nitrate, and ammonium wet deposition concentrations indicate that the DYN1 experiment performs better than the CONST and DYN experiments.
KW - CMAQ
KW - Dynamical NH emissions parameterization
KW - Fertilizer emissions
KW - Nitrate
KW - PM
KW - Standing crop emissions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85072830557&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116923
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116923
M3 - 期刊論文
AN - SCOPUS:85072830557
SN - 1352-2310
VL - 218
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
M1 - 116923
ER -