Human Thg1 displays tRNA-inducible GTPase activity

Titi Rindi Antika, Kun Rohmatan Nazilah, Yi Hsueh Lee, Ya Ting Lo, Chung Shu Yeh, Fu Lung Yeh, Tien Hsien Chang, Tzu Ling Wang, Chien Chia Wang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

tRNAHis guanylyltransferase (Thg1) catalyzes the 3'-5' incorporation of guanosine into position -1 (G-1) of tRNAHis. G-1 is unique to tRNAHis and is crucial for recognition by histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS). Yeast Thg1 requires ATP for G-1 addition to tRNAHis opposite A73, whereas archaeal Thg1 requires either ATP or GTP for G-1 addition to tRNAHis opposite C73. Paradoxically, human Thg1 (HsThg1) can add G-1 to tRNAsHis with A73 (cytoplasmic) and C73 (mitochondrial). As N73 is immediately followed by a CCA end (positions 74–76), how HsThg1 prevents successive 3'-5' incorporation of G-1/G-2/G-3 into mitochondrial tRNAHis (tRNAmHis) through a template-dependent mechanism remains a puzzle. We showed herein that mature native human tRNAmHis indeed contains only G-1. ATP was absolutely required for G-1 addition to tRNAmHis by HsThg1. Although HsThg1 could incorporate more than one GTP into tRNAmHisin vitro, a single-GTP incorporation prevailed when the relative GTP level was low. Surprisingly, HsThg1 possessed a tRNA-inducible GTPase activity, which could be inhibited by ATP. Similar activity was found in other high-eukaryotic dual-functional Thg1 enzymes, but not in yeast Thg1.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)10015-10025
Number of pages11
JournalNucleic Acids Research
Volume50
Issue number17
DOIs
StatePublished - 23 Sep 2022

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