@inproceedings{104eb08adcf347378e64b8422bdbf94d,
title = "Ground settlement caused by excavation in clay - An empirical method",
abstract = "In this paper, a new empirical method is developed by which the surface settlement profile can be accurately estimated. The new empirical method is an extension of the Hsieh and Ou method, which showed that the surface settlement profile could be reasonably constructed if the maximum surface settlement (δvm) was known. However, there is no reliable method to predict δvm with good accuracy. To this end, a simple procedure is established by which δvm can be accurately estimated from the maximum wall deflection (δhm). This procedure includes two elements: 1) an empirical equation for estimating the ratio of δvm over δhm (R = δvm/ δhm), and 2) a means to determine δhm. Since the latter can be accurately estimated with a routine finite element or finite difference analysis, the focus of the paper is on the former. To this end, a set of empirical equations for the ratio R is developed. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified with well-documented case histories of braced excavation.",
author = "Kung, {Gordon T.C.} and Juang, {C. Hsein} and Hsiao, {Evan C.L.}",
year = "2006",
doi = "10.1061/40867(199)45",
language = "???core.languages.en_GB???",
isbn = "078440867X",
series = "Geotechnical Special Publication",
number = "155",
pages = "363--370",
booktitle = "Underground Construction and Ground Movement - Proceedings of the GeoShanghai Conference",
edition = "155",
note = "null ; Conference date: 06-06-2006 Through 08-06-2006",
}