Full-field wafer warpage measurement technique

H. L. Hsieh, J. Y. Lee, Y. G. Huang, A. J. Liang, B. Y. Sun

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

Abstract

An innovative moiré technique for full-field wafer warpage measurement is proposed in this study. The wafer warpage measurement technique is developed based on moiré method, Talbot effect, scanning profiling method, stroboscopic, instantaneous phase-shift method, as well as four-step phase shift method, high resolution, high stability and full-field measurement capabilities can be easily achieved. According to the proposed full-field optical configuration, a laser beam is expanded into a collimated beam with a 2-inch diameter and projected onto the wafer surface. The beam is reflected by the wafer surface and forms a moiré fringe image after passing two circular gratings, which is then focused and captured on a CCD camera for computation. The corresponding moiré fringes reflected from the wafer surface are obtained by overlapping the images of the measuring grating and the reference grating. The moiré fringes will shift when wafer warpage occurs. The phase of the moiré fringes will change proportionally to the degree of warpage in the wafer, which can be measured by detecting variations in the phase shift of the moiré fringes in each detection points on the surface of the entire wafer. The phase shift variations of each detection points can be calculated via the instantaneous phase-shift method and the four-step phase-shift method. By adding up the phase shift variations of each detection points along the radii of the circular gratings, the warpage value and surface topography of the wafer can be obtained. Experiments show that the proposed method is capable of obtaining test results similar to that of a commercial sensor, as well as performing accurate measurements under high speed rotation of 1500rpm. As compared to current warpage measurement methods such as the beam optical method, confocal microscopy, laser interferometry, shadow moiré method, and structured light method, this proposed technique has the advantage of full-field measurement, high resolution, stability and adaptability.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationOptical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection X
EditorsPeter Lehmann, Armando Albertazzi Goncalves, Wolfgang Osten
PublisherSPIE
ISBN (Electronic)9781510611030
DOIs
StatePublished - 2017
EventOptical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection X 2017 - Munich, Germany
Duration: 26 Jun 201729 Jun 2017

Publication series

NameProceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume10329
ISSN (Print)0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)1996-756X

Conference

ConferenceOptical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection X 2017
Country/TerritoryGermany
CityMunich
Period26/06/1729/06/17

Keywords

  • Moiré
  • Phase shift method
  • Talbot effect
  • full-field

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