Evaluation of fly ash, apatite and rice straw derived-biochar in varying combinations for in situ remediation of soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals

Agriculture & Biology

• soil remediation 100%
• fly ash 89%
• sorbents 88%
• apatite 88%
• biochar 81%
• rice straw 74%
• polluted soils 67%
• heavy metals 59%
• soil 34%
• developing countries 21%
• arable soils 13%
• ion exchange 12%
• cost effectiveness 12%
• Vietnam 11%
• tillage 10%
• byproducts 10%
• composite materials 9%
• physicochemical properties 8%
• corn 7%
• tissues 5%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• biochar 72%
• straw 68%
• apatite 64%
• fly ash 62%
• contaminated soil 61%
• rice 59%
• remediation 55%
• heavy metal 49%
• in situ 41%
• evaluation 32%
• soil 28%
• immobilization 25%
• developing world 14%
• properties of materials 9%
• sequential extraction 9%
• complexation 9%
• extraction method 9%
• microcosm 8%
• physicochemical property 8%
• cost 8%
• ion exchange 7%
• maize 7%
• byproduct 7%
• incubation 7%
• material 6%
• tissue 6%