Efficient power conservation mechanism in spline function defined WSN terrain

Coverage is a vital issue that ensures that basic functions are available in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). These functions provide communications during emergency rescue or in war environments. Sensor nodes must be dispersed and survive in place for a long time in order to accurately monitor all events. However, sensor nodes rely on limited battery energy restricted to the lifetime of the entire network. When few sensor nodes are awake during an epoch, the entire network lifetime becomes longer. This implies that the coverage problem must be solved based on the energy efficiency issue. In order to strengthen the coverage ratio with a limited number of sensor nodes, practical coverage algorithms were proposed in the existing researches but investigated in a 2-D plane, which is not suitable for a realistic environment. Few researchers have investigated the WSN coverage problem for a 3-D space. The actual terrain is rugged and bumpy that prevents deploying sensor nodes in three-dimension space. In this paper, we consider the field of interest as a complex surface but also use the spline function to obtain factual information about a complex surface. Furthermore, dynamic programming is utilized to optimize the sensing radius for reducing the power consumption.