Detection of seam carving in JPEG images

The content-aware image retargeting algorithm is used for modifying the image size into the suitable size in different device. Seam carving is a kind of content aware image retargeting algorithm. In this paper, based on the blocking artifact characteristics matrix (BACM), we propose a method to detect seam carving in natural images without knowledge of the original image. In detail, for the original JPEG images, the BACM exhibits regular symmetrical shapes; for the images that are damaged, the regular symmetrical property of the BACM is destroyed. After found BACM from images, we define 18 features to detect the damage from BACM to train a support vector machine (SVM) classifier for recognizing whether an image is an original or it has been modified by seam-carving. We show that BACM is useful for detect the damage by seam-carving in JPEG format images.