Combined Conduction and radiation in absorbing, emitting and anisotropically-scattering, concentric, spherical media

The steady energy transfer by simultaneous conduction and radiation in an absorbing, emitting and anisotropically-scattering medium has been studied theoretically. The medium is confined between two concentric, gray, diffuse and/or specular spherical surfaces which are isothermal but at different temperatures. The radiative transfer equation is solved by using the P₃-approximation method which results in four coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The set of the four ODEs and energy equation is solved as a two-point boundary-value problem. The effects of the ratio of the conduction-to-radiation parameter, single-scattering albedo, the scattering phase function, and boundary reflectives on the temperatures and heat-flux distributions in the medium are examined in detail.