A first look at Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using the PHOBOS detector

Birger Back; M. D. Baker; D. S. Barton; R. R. Betts; R. Bindel; A. Budzanowski; W. Busza; A. Carroll; J. Corbo; M. P. Decowski; E. Garcia; N. George; K. Gulbrandsen; S. Gushue; C. Halliwell; J. Hamblen; G. A. Heintzelman; C. Henderson; D. Hicks; D. J. Hofman; R. Hollis; R. Holyński; B. Holzman; A. Iordanova; E. Johnson; J. L. Kane; J. Katzy; N. Khan; W. Kucewicz; P. Kulinich; C. M. Kuo; W. T. Lin; S. Manly; D. McLeod; J. Michalowski; A. C. Mignerey; J. Mülmenstädt; R. Nouicer; A. Olszewski; R. Pak; I. C. Park; H. Pernegger; M. Rafelski; M. Rbeiz; C. Reed; L. P. Remsberg; M. Reuter; C. Roland; G. Roland; L. Rosenberg; J. Sagerer; P. Sarin; P. Sawicki; W. Skulski; S. G. Steadman; P. Steinberg; G. S.F. Stephans; M. Stodulski; A. Sukhanov; J. L. Tang; R. Teng; A. Trzupek; C. Vale; G. J. Van Nieuwenhuizen; R. Verdier; B. Wadsworth; F. L.H. Wolfs; B. Wosiek; K. Woźniak; A. H. Wuosmaa; B. Wyslouch

doi:10.1007/BF02707011

A first look at Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using the PHOBOS detector

Birger Back, M. D. Baker, D. S. Barton, R. R. Betts, R. Bindel, A. Budzanowski, W. Busza, A. Carroll, J. Corbo, M. P. Decowski, E. Garcia, N. George, K. Gulbrandsen, S. Gushue, C. Halliwell, J. Hamblen, G. A. Heintzelman, C. Henderson, D. Hicks, D. J. HofmanR. Hollis, R. Holyński, B. Holzman, A. Iordanova, E. Johnson, J. L. Kane, J. Katzy, N. Khan, W. Kucewicz, P. Kulinich, C. M. Kuo, W. T. Lin, S. Manly, D. McLeod, J. Michalowski, A. C. Mignerey, J. Mülmenstädt, R. Nouicer, A. Olszewski, R. Pak, I. C. Park, H. Pernegger, M. Rafelski, M. Rbeiz, C. Reed, L. P. Remsberg, M. Reuter, C. Roland, G. Roland, L. Rosenberg, J. Sagerer, P. Sarin, P. Sawicki, W. Skulski, S. G. Steadman, P. Steinberg, G. S.F. Stephans, M. Stodulski, A. Sukhanov, J. L. Tang, R. Teng, A. Trzupek, C. Vale, G. J. Van Nieuwenhuizen, R. Verdier, B. Wadsworth, F. L.H. Wolfs, B. Wosiek, K. Woźniak, A. H. Wuosmaa, B. Wyslouch

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

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Abstract

The PHOBOS detector has been used to study Au + Au collisions at √S_NN = 56, 130, and 200 GeV. Several global observables have been measured and the results are compared with theoretical models. These observables include the charged-particle multiplicity measured as a function of beam energy, pseudo-rapidity, and centrality of the collision. A unique feature of the PHOBOS detector is its almost complete angular coverage such that these quantities can be studied over a pseudo-rapidity interval of |η| ≤ 5.4. This allows for an almost complete integration of the total charged particle yield, which is found to be about N_ch^tot = 4200 ± 470 at √S_NN = 130 GeV and N_ch^tot = 5300 ± 530 at √S_NN = 200 GeV. The ratio of anti-particles to particles emitted in the mid-rapidity region has also been measured using the PHOBOS magnetic spectrometer. Of particular interest is the ratio of anti-protons to protons in the mid-rapidity region, which was found to be p̄/p = 0.6 ± 0.04(stat) ± 0.06(syst) at √S_NN = 130 GeV. This high value suggests that an almost baryon-free region has been produced in the collisions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	921-931
Number of pages	11
Journal	Pramana - Journal of Physics
Volume	60
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707011
State	Published - May 2003
Event	Proceedings of the International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark-Gluon Plasma - Part II - Jaipur, India Duration: 26 Nov 2001 → 30 Nov 2001

Keywords

Charged particle multiplicity
Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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10.1007/BF02707011

Cite this

Back, B., Baker, M. D., Barton, D. S., Betts, R. R., Bindel, R., Budzanowski, A., Busza, W., Carroll, A., Corbo, J., Decowski, M. P., Garcia, E., George, N., Gulbrandsen, K., Gushue, S., Halliwell, C., Hamblen, J., Heintzelman, G. A., Henderson, C., Hicks, D., ... Wyslouch, B. (2003). A first look at Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using the PHOBOS detector. Pramana - Journal of Physics, 60(5), 921-931. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707011

@article{485288fb67434009941d7b7dd4b077a8,

title = "A first look at Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using the PHOBOS detector",

abstract = "The PHOBOS detector has been used to study Au + Au collisions at √SNN = 56, 130, and 200 GeV. Several global observables have been measured and the results are compared with theoretical models. These observables include the charged-particle multiplicity measured as a function of beam energy, pseudo-rapidity, and centrality of the collision. A unique feature of the PHOBOS detector is its almost complete angular coverage such that these quantities can be studied over a pseudo-rapidity interval of |η| ≤ 5.4. This allows for an almost complete integration of the total charged particle yield, which is found to be about Nchtot = 4200 ± 470 at √SNN = 130 GeV and Nchtot = 5300 ± 530 at √SNN = 200 GeV. The ratio of anti-particles to particles emitted in the mid-rapidity region has also been measured using the PHOBOS magnetic spectrometer. Of particular interest is the ratio of anti-protons to protons in the mid-rapidity region, which was found to be {\=p}/p = 0.6 ± 0.04(stat) ± 0.06(syst) at √SNN = 130 GeV. This high value suggests that an almost baryon-free region has been produced in the collisions.",

keywords = "Charged particle multiplicity, Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions",

author = "Birger Back and Baker, {M. D.} and Barton, {D. S.} and Betts, {R. R.} and R. Bindel and A. Budzanowski and W. Busza and A. Carroll and J. Corbo and Decowski, {M. P.} and E. Garcia and N. George and K. Gulbrandsen and S. Gushue and C. Halliwell and J. Hamblen and Heintzelman, {G. A.} and C. Henderson and D. Hicks and Hofman, {D. J.} and R. Hollis and R. Holy{\'n}ski and B. Holzman and A. Iordanova and E. Johnson and Kane, {J. L.} and J. Katzy and N. Khan and W. Kucewicz and P. Kulinich and Kuo, {C. M.} and Lin, {W. T.} and S. Manly and D. McLeod and J. Michalowski and Mignerey, {A. C.} and J. M{\"u}lmenst{\"a}dt and R. Nouicer and A. Olszewski and R. Pak and Park, {I. C.} and H. Pernegger and M. Rafelski and M. Rbeiz and C. Reed and Remsberg, {L. P.} and M. Reuter and C. Roland and G. Roland and L. Rosenberg and J. Sagerer and P. Sarin and P. Sawicki and W. Skulski and Steadman, {S. G.} and P. Steinberg and Stephans, {G. S.F.} and M. Stodulski and A. Sukhanov and Tang, {J. L.} and R. Teng and A. Trzupek and C. Vale and {Van Nieuwenhuizen}, {G. J.} and R. Verdier and B. Wadsworth and Wolfs, {F. L.H.} and B. Wosiek and K. Wo{\'z}niak and Wuosmaa, {A. H.} and B. Wyslouch",

note = "Funding Information: This work was partially supported by (US) DOE grants DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG02-93ER40802, DE-FC02-94ER40818, DE-FG02-94ER40865, DE-FG02-99ER41099 and W-31-109-ENG-38, NSF grants 9603486, 9722606 and 0072204, (Poland) KBN grant 2 P03B 04916, (Taiwan) NSC contract NSC 89-2112-M-008-024.; Proceedings of the International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark-Gluon Plasma - Part II ; Conference date: 26-11-2001 Through 30-11-2001",

year = "2003",

month = may,

doi = "10.1007/BF02707011",

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volume = "60",

pages = "921--931",

journal = "Pramana - Journal of Physics",

issn = "0304-4289",

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Back, B, Baker, MD, Barton, DS, Betts, RR, Bindel, R, Budzanowski, A, Busza, W, Carroll, A, Corbo, J, Decowski, MP, Garcia, E, George, N, Gulbrandsen, K, Gushue, S, Halliwell, C, Hamblen, J, Heintzelman, GA, Henderson, C, Hicks, D, Hofman, DJ, Hollis, R, Holyński, R, Holzman, B, Iordanova, A, Johnson, E, Kane, JL, Katzy, J, Khan, N, Kucewicz, W, Kulinich, P, Kuo, CM , Lin, WT, Manly, S, McLeod, D, Michalowski, J, Mignerey, AC, Mülmenstädt, J, Nouicer, R, Olszewski, A, Pak, R, Park, IC, Pernegger, H, Rafelski, M, Rbeiz, M, Reed, C, Remsberg, LP, Reuter, M, Roland, C, Roland, G, Rosenberg, L, Sagerer, J, Sarin, P, Sawicki, P, Skulski, W, Steadman, SG, Steinberg, P, Stephans, GSF, Stodulski, M, Sukhanov, A, Tang, JL, Teng, R, Trzupek, A, Vale, C, Van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ, Verdier, R, Wadsworth, B, Wolfs, FLH, Wosiek, B, Woźniak, K, Wuosmaa, AH & Wyslouch, B 2003, 'A first look at Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using the PHOBOS detector', Pramana - Journal of Physics, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 921-931. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02707011

TY - JOUR

T1 - A first look at Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using the PHOBOS detector

AU - Back, Birger

AU - Baker, M. D.

AU - Barton, D. S.

AU - Betts, R. R.

AU - Bindel, R.

AU - Budzanowski, A.

AU - Busza, W.

AU - Carroll, A.

AU - Corbo, J.

AU - Decowski, M. P.

AU - Garcia, E.

AU - George, N.

AU - Gulbrandsen, K.

AU - Gushue, S.

AU - Halliwell, C.

AU - Hamblen, J.

AU - Heintzelman, G. A.

AU - Henderson, C.

AU - Hicks, D.

AU - Hofman, D. J.

AU - Hollis, R.

AU - Holyński, R.

AU - Holzman, B.

AU - Iordanova, A.

AU - Johnson, E.

AU - Kane, J. L.

AU - Katzy, J.

AU - Khan, N.

AU - Kucewicz, W.

AU - Kulinich, P.

AU - Kuo, C. M.

AU - Lin, W. T.

AU - Manly, S.

AU - McLeod, D.

AU - Michalowski, J.

AU - Mignerey, A. C.

AU - Mülmenstädt, J.

AU - Nouicer, R.

AU - Olszewski, A.

AU - Pak, R.

AU - Park, I. C.

AU - Pernegger, H.

AU - Rafelski, M.

AU - Rbeiz, M.

AU - Reed, C.

AU - Remsberg, L. P.

AU - Reuter, M.

AU - Roland, C.

AU - Roland, G.

AU - Rosenberg, L.

AU - Sagerer, J.

AU - Sarin, P.

AU - Sawicki, P.

AU - Skulski, W.

AU - Steadman, S. G.

AU - Steinberg, P.

AU - Stephans, G. S.F.

AU - Stodulski, M.

AU - Sukhanov, A.

AU - Tang, J. L.

AU - Teng, R.

AU - Trzupek, A.

AU - Vale, C.

AU - Van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.

AU - Verdier, R.

AU - Wadsworth, B.

AU - Wolfs, F. L.H.

AU - Wosiek, B.

AU - Woźniak, K.

AU - Wuosmaa, A. H.

AU - Wyslouch, B.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was partially supported by (US) DOE grants DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG02-93ER40802, DE-FC02-94ER40818, DE-FG02-94ER40865, DE-FG02-99ER41099 and W-31-109-ENG-38, NSF grants 9603486, 9722606 and 0072204, (Poland) KBN grant 2 P03B 04916, (Taiwan) NSC contract NSC 89-2112-M-008-024.

PY - 2003/5

Y1 - 2003/5

N2 - The PHOBOS detector has been used to study Au + Au collisions at √SNN = 56, 130, and 200 GeV. Several global observables have been measured and the results are compared with theoretical models. These observables include the charged-particle multiplicity measured as a function of beam energy, pseudo-rapidity, and centrality of the collision. A unique feature of the PHOBOS detector is its almost complete angular coverage such that these quantities can be studied over a pseudo-rapidity interval of |η| ≤ 5.4. This allows for an almost complete integration of the total charged particle yield, which is found to be about Nchtot = 4200 ± 470 at √SNN = 130 GeV and Nchtot = 5300 ± 530 at √SNN = 200 GeV. The ratio of anti-particles to particles emitted in the mid-rapidity region has also been measured using the PHOBOS magnetic spectrometer. Of particular interest is the ratio of anti-protons to protons in the mid-rapidity region, which was found to be p̄/p = 0.6 ± 0.04(stat) ± 0.06(syst) at √SNN = 130 GeV. This high value suggests that an almost baryon-free region has been produced in the collisions.

AB - The PHOBOS detector has been used to study Au + Au collisions at √SNN = 56, 130, and 200 GeV. Several global observables have been measured and the results are compared with theoretical models. These observables include the charged-particle multiplicity measured as a function of beam energy, pseudo-rapidity, and centrality of the collision. A unique feature of the PHOBOS detector is its almost complete angular coverage such that these quantities can be studied over a pseudo-rapidity interval of |η| ≤ 5.4. This allows for an almost complete integration of the total charged particle yield, which is found to be about Nchtot = 4200 ± 470 at √SNN = 130 GeV and Nchtot = 5300 ± 530 at √SNN = 200 GeV. The ratio of anti-particles to particles emitted in the mid-rapidity region has also been measured using the PHOBOS magnetic spectrometer. Of particular interest is the ratio of anti-protons to protons in the mid-rapidity region, which was found to be p̄/p = 0.6 ± 0.04(stat) ± 0.06(syst) at √SNN = 130 GeV. This high value suggests that an almost baryon-free region has been produced in the collisions.

KW - Charged particle multiplicity

KW - Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0038280154&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/BF02707011

DO - 10.1007/BF02707011

M3 - 會議論文

AN - SCOPUS:0038280154

SN - 0304-4289

VL - 60

SP - 921

EP - 931

JO - Pramana - Journal of Physics

JF - Pramana - Journal of Physics

IS - 5

T2 - Proceedings of the International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark-Gluon Plasma - Part II

Y2 - 26 November 2001 through 30 November 2001

ER -

A first look at Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies using the PHOBOS detector

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Keywords

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