Study of Water Resources and Its Sustainable Management over a Whole Disaster Watershed under Climate and Environment Changes ( I )

Due to the effects of climate changes, Taiwan has been suffered many severe nature disastersduring recent years. It is founded that the regional temperature is getting increase, floods and droughtsare also taken place by turns. It further results in significant properties losses to general publics, andreveals the warning sign by nature counterattacking. The weather in Taiwan is warm and humility andraining season is from May to October. Annual rainfall is about 2,500 mm, and this value is 2.5 times ofworld’s average. However, our mountain is high, and rivers are short and steep. Besides, in verynon-uniform rainfall distributions in temporal and spatial over the Taiwan, it is resulting in distributionsof water resources becoming not easy to preserve. The average amount of water allocated to each personless than the world average of one fifth. In addition to extensively construct reservoirs to solve theproblems of water storage, appropriating to use groundwater resources is also one of the possiblesolutions. Although the interaction between surface water and groundwater is quite relevant, itshydrological characteristics are extremely difference. Therefore, the major research purpose of thisstudy are to better understand the hydrological characteristics of surface water and groundwater atdifferent temporal and spatial scales, and try to make effective use and achieve the effect of sustainablemanagement. Due to the rapid development of urban areas in recent years, the development of manyagricultural land and mountainous areas makes some impermeable cover areas gradually increased.After surficial infiltrations decreased, it will influence the surface runoff and groundwater recharge.Moreover, global warming has led to climate change all around the world and the extremely weather isoccurred more frequent. Rainfall patterns and regional temperature will also change, and it is results toinfluence local groundwater recharges. Therefore, this study examines how land-use change and climatechange will affect surface runoff and groundwater recharges, and thus as a future decision-making unitsto assess water resources sustainable planning management program.