Scalable Quantum Photonic Chips on Silicon( II )

In Taiwan, we are proud of being the world leader in semiconductor foundrymodel for microelectronics, with dominant semiconductor manufacturer fabs andlots of integrated circuit design companies. However, for the basic building blockof a quantum computer: from Ion trap qubits, superconducting qubits, nitrogenvacancycenter qubits, and silicon qubits, we in Taiwan are all in the verybeginning stage. The only available qubits in Taiwan is photonic qubits. Eventhough since 2002, there are scientific breakthroughs in ion-trap qubits andsuperconducting qubits, there is no business or company units exist in Taiwan.However, we already have many industrial clusters for silicon-based components:from epitaxial growth, device fabrication, chip-level integration/package, andcircuit design house. To resolving rapid growth of transmission bandwidth andlower power consumption, now, Silicon Photonics technology has been in thecommercialization stage, as a solution to convert electrical signals to opticalsignals. In particular, as the semiconductor and photonics worlds are mergingrapidly, we have almost a complete industrial-chain for all the solutions for SiliconPhotonics in Taiwan.Based on the niche of silicon photonics technologies and semiconductorindustries in Taiwan, in this proposal, entitled “Scalable Quantum Photonic Chipson Silicon,” we plan to integrate these enabling technologies, based our expertiseon photonic qubits (single photon source, entangled photon pair, squeezed light),integrated optical components based on silicon photonics, and photon detectorarrays (single photon avalanche diode, homodyne detector). Based on the KLMscheme, efficient quantum computation can be implement with linear opticaldevices, which are beam splitter, interferometer, direction coupler, ring-resonator,optical switch, frequency modulator. With Silicon photonics, in Taiwan, wealready have all the facilities to fabricate these linear optical devices. Then, withour photonic qubits and single photon avalanche diodes, all the requiredcomponents can be fabricated on Chip-level.The target is to incorporate our current fabrication technologies into a large-scalequantum system, and to realize multiplexing silicon photonic quantum chips withthe ability to perform fault-tolerant quantum computation at room temperature.Through the support of this project, by integrating ultra-low-loss siliconwaveguides, we can expect to have 10 spatial modes as qubits, along withmultiplexing technology in time-domain, resulting in more than 10x10 = 100photonic qubits from this project.